Integrating sustainability in destination management plans and policies of a post-Soviet state

Little is known about sustainable tourism transformations in post-Soviet countries. This particularly concerns the former Soviet Union Republics where no research has attempted to assess how/if principles of sustainability have been embedded into destination management plans and policies (DMPPs). study critically evaluated scope for integration DMPPs Kazakhstan, a country Central Asia. By interviewing key stakeholders, shown limited embracement sustainability. The lack of—(1) an understanding concept by national government, managers industry practitioners; (2) subject-specific expertise managing projects; (3) community engagement planning development; (4) stakeholder collaboration—has identified as prime reason. A multi-level, multi-stakeholder action framework proposed aid Kazakhstan its advancement towards (tourism) development goal.